Martin M. Miles' photos with the keyword: Herz Jesu Kirche

The area was conquered by the Teutonic Order in 1283. A village was documented in the mid 14th century near a castle built by the Teutonic Knights, where on an island of Lake Lyck a former prussian stronghold had existed. After the outbreak of the Thirteen Years' War in 1454, the town sided with the Prussian Confederation, at whose request the Polish King Casimir IV Jagiello announced the incorporation of the region into the Kingdom of Poland. The town was briefly recaptured by the Teutonic Knights in 1455, and later on, it was conquered alternately by the Poles and the Teutonic Knights. After 1466 it came under Polish suzerainty as a fief. The first church here was built around 1550. It burned down in 1651. Its successor burned when it was conquered by the Tatars in 1656. A new church building did not follow until 1688, but by 1837 it was so dilapidated that it had to be demolished. Between 1847 and 1850, a neo-Gothic brick church was built. It fell victim to destruction by Russian troops during WWI. Using the remains of this church, a new building was erected from 1920 to 1925.

The area was conquered by the Teutonic Order in 1283. A village was documented in the mid 14th century near a castle built by the Teutonic Knights, where on an island of Lake Lyck a former prussian stronghold had existed. After the outbreak of the Thirteen Years' War in 1454, the town sided with the Prussian Confederation, at whose request the Polish King Casimir IV Jagiello announced the incorporation of the region into the Kingdom of Poland. The town was briefly recaptured by the Teutonic Knights in 1455, and later on, it was conquered alternately by the Poles and the Teutonic Knights. After 1466 it came under Polish suzerainty as a fief. The first church here was built around 1550. It burned down in 1651. Its successor burned when it was conquered by the Tatars in 1656. A new church building did not follow until 1688, but by 1837 it was so dilapidated that it had to be demolished. Between 1847 and 1850, a neo-Gothic brick church was built. It fell victim to destruction by Russian troops during WWI. Using the remains of this church, a new building was erected from 1920 to 1925.

The area around Lübeck, today a large city with a population of more than 200,000, had been settled by Slavs since the 7th century. Slavs had a settlement north of the present city called "Liubice", which was razed by the pagan Rani tribe in 1128. 15 years later Adolf II, Count of Schauenburg and Holstein, founded the modern town as a German settlement on the river island of Bucu. He built a new castle, first mentioned as existing in 1147. Adolf II had to cede the castle to the Duke of Saxony, Henry the Lion, in 1158. After Henry's fall from power in 1181, the town became an Imperial city. Emperor Barbarossa ordained that the city should have a ruling council of 20 members. With the council dominated by merchants, trade interests shaped Lübeck's politics for centuries. In the 14th century, Lübeck became the "Queen of the Hanseatic League", being by far the largest and most powerful member of that medieval trade organization. In 1375, Emperor Charles IV named Lübeck one of the five "Glories of the Empire", a title shared with Venice, Rome, Pisa, and Florence. Conflicts about trading privileges resulted in fighting between Lübeck (with the Hanseatic League) and Denmark and Norway – with varying outcome. While Lübeck and the Hanseatic League prevailed in conflicts in 1435 and 1512, Lübeck lost when it became involved in a civil war that raged in Denmark from 1534 to 1536. From then on Lübeck's power slowly declined. The city remained neutral in the Thirty Years' War, but the devastation from the decades-long war and the new transatlantic orientation of European trade caused the Hanseatic League – and thus Lübeck with it – to decline in importance. However, Lübeck still remained an important trading town on the Baltic Sea. The "Dom zu Lübeck" (Lübeck Cathedral) is around 130 meters long, one of the longest brick churches. In 1173, Henry the Lion laid the foundation stone of the cathedral as a cathedral for the bishopric of Lübeck. The then Romanesque cathedral was completed in about 1230 and rebuilt into a Gothic hall church between 1266 and 1335. At the same time the lengthening of the structure was done by erecting the pure Gothic east choir, completed in 1341 The length of the cathedral was doubled. Until the Reformation, the cathedral chapter was under the control of the bishop. After the Reformation, the cathedral became the joint property of the city and the cathedral chapter until 1803, when it became the sole property of the city with the dissolution of the cathedral chapter. The adjoining monastery became the site of the Museum am Dom at the end of the 19th century. After the heavy air raid on Lübeck on March 28-29, 1942, the eastern vault in the high choir collapsed, destroying the high altar from 1696. The fire in the neighboring cathedral museum spread to the cathedral's roof truss. Next day the spires of the tower collapsed. As a result of the war, the unsecured gable of the northern transept collapsed in 1946. Reconstruction took several decades, as priorities here tended to be the rebuilding of Lübeck's Marienkirche. The reconstruction was finally completed in 1982. The cathedral is in the background.In the foreground on the right is the Catholic Herz Jesu Kirche (Church of the Sacred Heart). It was built in 1888-1891 and was the first Catholic church in Lübeck for 350 years, i.e. since the Reformation.

Cologne is the fourth-largest city in Germany - and one of the oldest. A Germanic tribe, the Ubii, had a settlement here, this was named by the Romans "Oppidum Ubiorum". In 50 AD, the Romans founded "Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium", the city then became the provincial capital of "Germania Inferior". During WWII Cologne was bombed in 262 separate air raids. In April 1945, when the American armee reached Cologne, the city was completely ruined. About 90% of all houses in the inner city were - gone. In 1939 Cologne had had a population of more than 700.00. In spring 1945 there were only about 40.000, living in the ruins. So most of the buildings in Cologne are pretty "young". The Herz-Jesu church, erected in the center of the "Zülpicher Platz" from 1893 on, got severely damaged during the air raids. So after WWII only the neo-Gothic tower and a part of the choir could got restored between 1953 and 1957, the rest got rebuilt in contemporary architecture.

Cologne is the fourth-largest city in Germany - and one of the oldest. A Germanic tribe, the Ubii, had a settlement here, this was named by the Romans "Oppidum Ubiorum". In 50 AD, the Romans founded "Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium", the city then became the provincial capital of "Germania Inferior". During WWII Cologne was bombed in 262 separate air raids. In April 1945, when the American armee reached Cologne, the city was completely ruined. About 90% of all houses in the inner city were - gone. In 1939 Cologne had had a population of more than 700.00. In spring 1945 there were only about 40.000, living in the ruins. So most of the buildings in Cologne are pretty "young". The Herz-Jesu church, erected in the center of the "Zülpicher Platz" from 1893 on, got severely damaged during the air raids. So after WWII only the neo-Gothic tower and a part of the choir could got restored between 1953 and 1957. The nave, seen here, got rebuilt in a modern style.

Cologne is the fourth-largest city in Germany - and one of the oldest. A Germanic tribe, the Ubii, had a settlement here, this was named by the Romans "Oppidum Ubiorum". In 50 AD, the Romans founded "Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium", the city then became the provincial capital of "Germania Inferior". During WWII Cologne was bombed in 262 separate air raids. In April 1945, when the American armee reached Cologne, the city was completely ruined. About 90% of all houses in the inner city were - gone. In 1939 Cologne had had a population of more than 700.00. In spring 1945 there were only about 40.000, living in the ruins. So most of the buildings in Cologne are pretty "young". The Herz-Jesu church, erected in the center of the "Zülpicher Platz" from 1893 on, got severely damaged during the air raids. So after WWII only the neo-Gothic tower and a part of the choir could got restored between 1953 and 1957. The nave got rebuilt in a modern style.