Martin M. Miles' photos with the keyword: soldier

Trogir was founded by Greek colonists in the 3rd century BC. In Roman times this was an important harbour town. From the 9th century on Trogir was under Croatian rule and later part of the Byzantine empire. A diocese was established in the 11th century, in 1107 the Hungarian-Croatian King Coloman ("The Bookish", "Kálmán Könyves") granted the autonomy. Saracen troops conquered Trogir in 1123 and demolished most of it. From 1420 upto 1797 Trogir belonged to the Republic of Venice. For a short while it belonged to the Napoleonic kingdom of Italy, but upto 1918 Trogir was part of the Habsburg Empire. Trogir is more than 2000 years old. It grew under the influence of the ancient Greeks, the Romans, and the Venetians... Trogir's medieval core, surrounded by walls, comprises (about 10) churches, houses and palaces from the Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque periods. Since 1997 the centre of Trogir is a "UNESCO World Heritage Site". The Cathedral of St. Lawrence was erected from 1213 on the foundations of cathedral destroyed by the Saracens in 1123. Most of the work was done in the 13th century. This cathedral is world wide known for Master Radovan´s portal. The portal was carved by the local architect and sculptor Master Radovan (and his workshop). It was completed and signed by Radovan in 1240. In the late 13th century, the outer archivolt was added to the portal. This archivolt was not carved by Radovan, but by craftsmen of the still existing studio. The scenes have a slightly different style. These three soldiers are sound asleep and so miss the resurrection of Jesus.

The church, placed on a hill, was constructed in 991. The relics of Saint Vorles are kept here, so this church has been a point of pilgrimage from the beginning. The crypt has been a place of worshipping and pilgrimage for ages. All the walls near this crypt are covered with graffitis, most dating back to the 19th century. There are literally thousands of names. Some of them are carved in, but most were done with a copying pencil. Here are names and addresses from american soldiers, dating back to a time just after WW1.

There are two products, this small town, near Riom is pretty famous for. There are the black stones from Volvic, used all over the Auvergne. The gothic cathedral in Clermont-Ferrand is built from the black stones, coming from Volvic. The younger product is the "Volvic" mineral water. Zillions of plastic bottles, filled with Volvic-water leave this place every week or month. Long time before Danone (Evian, Badoit, La Salvetat....) entered the stage in Volvic, this place was owned by St. Priest (aka Priest de Clermont, aka Saint Praejectus), bishop of Clermont. St. Priest was stabbed to death here in 676 and immediately was venerated as a martyr. His sucessor Avitor founded an abbey here, that later was depending from Mozac (1169). The capitals in St. Priest do not have the wonderful, sleek elegance of the carvings seen in the former abbey church in Mozac (5kms east) or Notre-Dame-Du-Port in Clermont-Ferrand (15kms south), but they use the same "icons", that are so typical all over the Auvergne: sirens, griffons, eagles.. Four men around a capital, standing like protecting something, what is behind the "palisade" behind them. In the center is a soldier, wearing a chain mail and holding a spear to the left and a shield to the right. The person to the left has his hand on that spear, while on the right side holds a book. I found in Bernard Craplet´s "Auvergne romane", that these men stand for the four cardinal virtues, as above that fence could be read "sapientia", "iustitia", "fortitudo" and "temperantia". I can read here FORTITUDO, so this is connected to the soldier. The right person with the book may stand for "sapientia". The left person holds a scale in his right hand (not be seen), so he may stand for ""iustitia".

Around 1060 a small monastery was founded here, funded by William IV, Duke of Aquitaine (aka Fièrebrace - The Iron Arm). The building of the romanesque church started immediately and probably only took less than 10 years. This church is counted rightly to the crown jewels of the romanesque architecture in the Auvergne by Bernard Craplet ("Auverne romane"). What makes it so interesting is, that this is the oldest of the crown jewels, as this structure is about 50 years older than Notre-Dame-du-Port, Orcival and Issoire. But it nevertheless shows already all the specific touch, the romanesque style ahs in the Auvergne. Actually Bernard Craplet places this small church like a stepping stone between the (lost) romanesque cathedral of Étienne II/Pope Stephen II in Clermont and Notre-Dame-du-Port. Though the romanesque church is really small and not complete, this is one of the most important structures in the Auvergne. The Collégiale Saint-Victor et Sainte-Couronne (now parish church) consists out of three architectural parts. The romanesque church with a nave, two aisles and a transept, a later added narthex and a large gothic part. The building of the gothic church from around 1280 on, took about 200 years. There are many carved capitals in the romanesque nave. Some nice ones are around the crosssing. There are many carved capitals in the romanesque nave. Some nice ones are around the crosssing. Two men placed into a kind of garden, presenting a giant bunch of grapes (it is not a fir cone!). The dresses of the two differ clearly. The left one wears a chain mail, indicating, that he is a soldier, while the right one only wears very plain clothes with a rope as a belt. He may be the peasant. Cooperation between soldiers and peasants result in a great harvest. Maybe. But maybe this garden and it´s population may be a mythical one, as there was a "fishy"-couple on the other capital, probably depicting the same garden.

The cloister of Saint-Trophime forms a rectangle 28m x 25m. The eastern and northern sides were built in romanesque style 1160 - 1180. Shortly after that all constructions came to halt, due to an economic decline of Arles. New orders like the Trinitarians and the Knights Templar had settled in Arles - and caused competition. It took more than a century to restart the building process, so the southern and western sides were built erected during the 14th and 15th century in gothic style. Here a capital, depicting the "Massacre of the Innocents". Three large soldiers, wearing chain mails, obeying Herod´s order. Matthew 2:16 "When Herod realized that he had been outwitted by the Magi, he was furious, and he gave orders to kill all the boys in Bethlehem and its vicinity who were two years old and under, in accordance with the time he had learned from the Magi."