Martin M. Miles' photos with the keyword: Marienburg

Alūksne (German: Marienburg) is situated on Lake Alūksne near the border with Estonia and Russia. The area was conquered by the German crusaders of the Livonian Order in 1224. They built a wooden castle called Marienburg on a nearby island in 1284, which was replaced by a stone castle in 1342. The town that developed near the castle also became known as Marienburg. Marienburg was captured by the troops of Ivan IV of Russia in 1560 during the Livonian War. In 1582 it was incorporated into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. In 1629, the city became part of the Swedish Empire. During the Great Northern War, the Russian army captured the town, the castle was still occupied by the Swedes and was blown up because the Swedes did not want to surrender the fortress to the Russians. The Russians deported all the inhabitants of Marienburg to Russia. Below the deported was Ernst Glück, a Lutheran clergyman and the first translator of the Bible into Latvian. With him was his foster daughter Marta Skavronska, who later became Empress Catherine I of Russia. The "New Castle" was built from 1859 – 1863 in the style of English neo-gothic style for the Vietinghoff family. The last owner of the castle, Baron Arnold von Vietinghoff moved to Germany in 1918. Now the Aluksne Museum the "Children and Youth Centre" are located here.

Alūksne (German: Marienburg) is situated on Lake Alūksne near the border with Estonia and Russia. The area was conquered by the German crusaders of the Livonian Order in 1224. They built a wooden castle called Marienburg on a nearby island in 1284, which was replaced by a stone castle in 1342. The town that developed near the castle also became known as Marienburg. Marienburg was captured by the troops of Ivan IV of Russia in 1560 during the Livonian War. In 1582 it was incorporated into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. In 1629, the city became part of the Swedish Empire. During the Great Northern War, the Russian army captured the town, the castle was still occupied by the Swedes and was blown up because the Swedes did not want to surrender the fortress to the Russians. The Russians deported all the inhabitants of Marienburg to Russia. Below the deported was Ernst Glück, a Lutheran clergyman and the first translator of the Bible into Latvian. With him was his foster daughter Marta Skavronska, who later became Empress Catherine I of Russia. Seen to the right are ruins of the blown-up castle.

Alūksne (German: Marienburg) is situated on Lake Alūksne near the border with Estonia and Russia. The area was conquered by the German crusaders of the Livonian Order in 1224. They built a wooden castle called Marienburg on a nearby island in 1284, which was replaced by a stone castle in 1342. The town that developed near the castle also became known as Marienburg. Marienburg was captured by the troops of Ivan IV of Russia in 1560 during the Livonian War. In 1582 it was incorporated into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. In 1629, the city became part of the Swedish Empire. During the Great Northern War, the Russian army captured the town, The castle was still occupied by the Swedes and was blown up because the Swedes did not want to surrender the fortress to the Russians. The Russians deported all the inhabitants of Marienburg to Russia. Below the deported was Ernst Glück, a Lutheran clergyman and the first translator of the Bible into Latvian. With him was his foster daughter Marta Skavronska, who later became Empress Catherine I of Russia. Evangelical Lutheran Church, erected from 1781 to 1788

Alūksne (German: Marienburg) is situated on Lake Alūksne near the border with Estonia and Russia. The area was conquered by the German crusaders of the Livonian Order in 1224. They built a wooden castle called Marienburg on a nearby island in 1284, which was replaced by a stone castle in 1342. The town that developed near the castle also became known as Marienburg. Marienburg was captured by the troops of Ivan IV of Russia in 1560 during the Livonian War. In 1582 it was incorporated into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. In 1629, the city became part of the Swedish Empire. During the Great Northern War, the Russian army captured the town, The castle was still occupied by the Swedes and was blown up because the Swedes did not want to surrender the fortress to the Russians. The Russians deported all the inhabitants of Marienburg to Russia. Below the deported was Ernst Glück, a Lutheran clergyman and the first translator of the Bible into Latvian. With him was his foster daughter Marta Skavronska, who later became Empress Catherine I of Russia. Evangelical Lutheran Church, erected from 1781 to 1788

In the course of its expansion to the East, the Teutonic Order secured the conquered territories by building castles. While the Order achieved military successes in Eastern Europe, it suffered setbacks in the Holy Land. In 1291 Acre, the last stronghold of the Crusaders in the Holy Land fell. The Order moved its headquarters to Venice, but it was clear that a reconquest of Palestine was out of the question. Prussia offered itself as an alternative field of activity. In 1308 the Order took over Gdansk and in 1309 Grand Master Siegfried von Feuchtwangen moved his seat from Venice to Marienburg. The fortress was expanded into a very spacious castle. Today complex is the largest brick building in Europe After the defeat of the Order in the Battle of Grunwald (Schlacht bei Tanneberg) against Poland-Lithuania, the first siege of Marienburg took place in 1410. Heinrich von Plauen managed to hold the fortress. In 1454, during the Thirteen Years' Prussian City War, Ludwig von Erlichshausen successfully defended the castle against the Polish King Casimir IV. Jagiello. However, as the Grand Master fell behind with the payment of the salaries, he had to pawn the castle to his rebelling mercenaries in 1455. They sold the fortress to the Polish king without further ado. After WWII about 60 per cent of the castle was destroyed or damaged. It got reconstructed and by now is one of the hot spots of tourism in Poland.

In the course of its expansion to the East, the Teutonic Order secured the conquered territories by building castles. While the Order achieved military successes in Eastern Europe, it suffered setbacks in the Holy Land. In 1291 Acre, the last stronghold of the Crusaders in the Holy Land fell. The Order moved its headquarters to Venice, but it was clear that a reconquest of Palestine was out of the question. Prussia offered itself as an alternative field of activity. In 1308 the Order took over Gdansk and in 1309 Grand Master Siegfried von Feuchtwangen moved his seat from Venice to Marienburg. The fortress was expanded into a very spacious castle. Today complex is the largest brick building in Europe After the defeat of the Order in the Battle of Grunwald (Schlacht bei Tanneberg) against Poland-Lithuania, the first siege of Marienburg took place in 1410. Heinrich von Plauen managed to hold the fortress. In 1454, during the Thirteen Years' Prussian City War, Ludwig von Erlichshausen successfully defended the castle against the Polish King Casimir IV. Jagiello. However, as the Grand Master fell behind with the payment of the salaries, he had to pawn the castle to his rebelling mercenaries in 1455. They sold the fortress to the Polish king without further ado. After WWII about 60 per cent of the castle was destroyed or damaged. It got reconstructed and by now is one of the hot spots of tourism in Poland.

In the course of its expansion to the East, the Teutonic Order secured the conquered territories by building castles. While the Order achieved military successes in Eastern Europe, it suffered setbacks in the Holy Land. In 1291 Acre, the last stronghold of the Crusaders in the Holy Land fell. The Order moved its headquarters to Venice, but it was clear that a reconquest of Palestine was out of the question. Prussia offered itself as an alternative field of activity. In 1308 the Order took over Gdansk and in 1309 Grand Master Siegfried von Feuchtwangen moved his seat from Venice to Marienburg. The fortress was expanded into a very spacious castle. Today complex is the largest brick building in Europe After the defeat of the Order in the Battle of Grunwald (Schlacht bei Tanneberg) against Poland-Lithuania, the first siege of Marienburg took place in 1410. Heinrich von Plauen managed to hold the fortress. In 1454, during the Thirteen Years' Prussian City War, Ludwig von Erlichshausen successfully defended the castle against the Polish King Casimir IV. Jagiello. However, as the Grand Master fell behind with the payment of the salaries, he had to pawn the castle to his rebelling mercenaries in 1455. They sold the fortress to the Polish king without further ado. After WWII about 60 per cent of the castle was destroyed or damaged. It got reconstructed and by now is one of the hot spots of tourism in Poland.

In the course of its expansion to the East, the Teutonic Order secured the conquered territories by building castles. While the Order achieved military successes in Eastern Europe, it suffered setbacks in the Holy Land. In 1291 Acre, the last stronghold of the Crusaders in the Holy Land fell. The Order moved its headquarters to Venice, but it was clear that a reconquest of Palestine was out of the question. Prussia offered itself as an alternative field of activity. In 1308 the Order took over Gdansk and in 1309 Grand Master Siegfried von Feuchtwangen moved his seat from Venice to Marienburg. The fortress was expanded into a very spacious castle. Today complex is the largest brick building in Europe After the defeat of the Order in the Battle of Grunwald (Schlacht bei Tanneberg) against Poland-Lithuania, the first siege of Marienburg took place in 1410. Heinrich von Plauen managed to hold the fortress. In 1454, during the Thirteen Years' Prussian City War, Ludwig von Erlichshausen successfully defended the castle against the Polish King Casimir IV. Jagiello. However, as the Grand Master fell behind with the payment of the salaries, he had to pawn the castle to his rebelling mercenaries in 1455. They sold the fortress to the Polish king without further ado. After WWII about 60 per cent of the castle was destroyed or damaged. It got reconstructed and by now is one of the hot spots of tourism in Poland.

In the course of its expansion to the East, the Teutonic Order secured the conquered territories by building castles. While the Order achieved military successes in Eastern Europe, it suffered setbacks in the Holy Land. In 1291 Acre, the last stronghold of the Crusaders in the Holy Land fell. The Order moved its headquarters to Venice, but it was clear that a reconquest of Palestine was out of the question. Prussia offered itself as an alternative field of activity. In 1308 the Order took over Gdansk and in 1309 Grand Master Siegfried von Feuchtwangen moved his seat from Venice to Marienburg. The fortress was expanded into a very spacious castle. Today complex is the largest brick building in Europe After the defeat of the Order in the Battle of Grunwald (Schlacht bei Tanneberg) against Poland-Lithuania, the first siege of Marienburg took place in 1410. Heinrich von Plauen managed to hold the fortress. In 1454, during the Thirteen Years' Prussian City War, Ludwig von Erlichshausen successfully defended the castle against the Polish King Casimir IV. Jagiello. However, as the Grand Master fell behind with the payment of the salaries, he had to pawn the castle to his rebelling mercenaries in 1455. They sold the fortress to the Polish king without further ado. After WWII about 60 per cent of the castle was destroyed or damaged. It got reconstructed and by now is one of the hot spots of tourism in Poland.

In the course of its expansion to the East, the Teutonic Order secured the conquered territories by building castles. While the Order achieved military successes in Eastern Europe, it suffered setbacks in the Holy Land. In 1291 Acre, the last stronghold of the Crusaders in the Holy Land fell. The Order moved its headquarters to Venice, but it was clear that a reconquest of Palestine was out of the question. Prussia offered itself as an alternative field of activity. In 1308 the Order took over Gdansk and in 1309 Grand Master Siegfried von Feuchtwangen moved his seat from Venice to Marienburg. The fortress was expanded into a very spacious castle. Today complex is the largest brick building in Europe After the defeat of the Order in the Battle of Grunwald (Schlacht bei Tanneberg) against Poland-Lithuania, the first siege of Marienburg took place in 1410. Heinrich von Plauen managed to hold the fortress. In 1454, during the Thirteen Years' Prussian City War, Ludwig von Erlichshausen successfully defended the castle against the Polish King Casimir IV. Jagiello. However, as the Grand Master fell behind with the payment of the salaries, he had to pawn the castle to his rebelling mercenaries in 1455. They sold the fortress to the Polish king without further ado. After WWII about 60 per cent of the castle was destroyed or damaged. It got reconstructed and by now is one of the hot spots of tourism in Poland. It was so crowded, when we arrived, that our schedule did not allow us to stand in line for such a long time. So we did not enter.