Martin M. Miles' photos with the keyword: elefant

Even before Leipzig was first mentioned in a document in 1015, a Slavic settlement existed here. The city was founded in 1165 when Margrave Otto the Rich of Meissen granted city and market rights to the city at the intersection of the Via Regia and the Via Imperii. Leipzig was in the Margraviate of Meissen, which became part of the Electorate of Saxony in 1439. Leipzig then belonged to the Duchy of Saxony, whose capital was chosen to be Dresden, which had been insignificant compared to Leipzig or Meissen. Leipzig was often the place where the state parliament met, but Leipzig was never a residence city or a bishop's seat and has always been shaped by the urban bourgeoisie. The University of Leipzig was founded in 1409 as "Alma Mater Lipsiensis" and was thus one of the three oldest universities in Germany. After being elevated to the status of "Reichsmessestadt" (imperial trade fair city) in 1497 and an extension of the staple right by the future Emperor Maximilian I, Leipzig became a trade fair city of European standing. It developed into the most important German trading center for the exchange of goods between Eastern and Western Europe. Alongside London, the Leipziger Brühl became the international trade center for the fur industry, and the important role played by the Leipzig Jewish community was closely linked to it. In 1539, the Reformation was finally introduced in Leipzig by Luther and Justus Jonas. Over decades, the development of Leipzig was characterized above all by the constantly improving living conditions. As a trading and trade fair city of increasing importance, Leipzig benefited from the wealthy Leipzig merchant class. The Thirty Years' War was a severe cut in the prosperous development of the city. Between 1631 and 1642 the city was besieged five times, from 1642 to 1650 it was occupied by the Swedes. The "Völkerschlacht" (Battle of Leipzig) near Leipzig took place in 1813. In this battle, the allied armies of Austria, Prussia, Russia and Sweden defeated Napoleon's troops and their allies which ultimately led to Napoleon's banishment to the island of Elba. During WWII there were frequent air raids on the city, which led to considerable destruction of the city center. In 1989, the Monday demonstrations that started at the Nikolaikirche helped herald the end of the GDR. With the occupation of the district administration for state security by demonstrators on December 4, 1989, state surveillance measures ended in Leipzig. Riquet Riquet & Co. is a traditional company that goes back to the Huguenot family Riquet, who left France after the Edict of Fontainebleau (1685). Around 1713 Jean George Riquet was born, who in 1745 founded a business in Leipzig importing tea, coffee and spices. The Riquethaus (Riquet Cafe) was designed by architect Paul Lange in 1908–1909. Its pagoda-like roof structure and the unusual façade design with elaborate colored Art Nouveau mosaics with an advertising character are based on classic Chinese architecture. It was restored true to the original in 1994/1995. The two copper elephant heads that still frame the front door of the coffee house today were the trademark of the Riquet company.

The construction of the cathedral of today started in 1196, about 150 years later, the church may have been completed, but a massive addition of the cathedral was planned in 1339. It would have more than doubled the size of the structure and so it would have been larger than (old) Saint Peter in Rome. This cathedral was never completed. The interior of the Duomo is rather stunning, with black-and-white striped pillars and ornate decoration on every surface. The pavement of Cathedral features etched and inlaid marble panels created from 1372 to 1547. This elephant symbolizes Rome (see the complete picture on the previous uplaod). Is this a "medieval elephant" . or one of the first "modern elephants"? Hanno was an Indian elephant given to Pope Leo X by King Manuel I of Portugal. Hanno reached Rome in 1514 and became a favourite of the papal court and was featured in processions. Hanno was very popular - and died two years later from complications of a treatment for constipation with gold-enriched laxative. The elephant seen here is very precise - maybe this is indeed Hanno.