Martin M. Miles' photos with the keyword: cross

There has been a church here since Saxon times and the base of the tower is Saxon. On the west wall is a blocked off Saxon doorway with a later oval window at the top. The battlemented top is later and probably late 12th century. The nave is Saxon/Norman although the clerestory and side aisles were added later. The chancel was rebuilt in the 19th century. This cross was found built into the tower wall in 1911. The back of the cross we just saw. A hunter, two hounds and a stag

There has been a church here since Saxon times and the base of the tower is Saxon. On the west wall is a blocked off Saxon doorway with a later oval window at the top. The battlemented top is later and probably late 12th century. The nave is Saxon/Norman although the clerestory and side aisles were added later. The chancel was rebuilt in the 19th century. This cross was found built into the tower wall in 1911.

This church is one of the oldest Anglo-Saxon churches in England. The church was founded about 670/675, when the area was part of the Anglian Kingdom of Northumbria. Much of the stone was taken from the nearby Roman fort at Vinovia (now Binchester). Later the eaves were raised. The nave now has a crow-stepped gable at each end. Some simple Gothic windows were inserted in the 13th century and the south porch was built in the 14th century. In the 19th century more windows were inserted and a new door was installed in the porch. But the majority of the windows, small and set high in the walls, are original Anglo-Saxon work. The church is essentially little changed from when it was built. The church seated only 65 people, and in the 19th century Escomb's population outgrew it. In 1863 a new parish church, St John's, was completed. Thereafter the Anglo-Saxon church quickly fell into disrepair. By 1867 it had lost part of its roof. It was restored in 1875–80. By 1904 the roof was again in poor condition. In the 1920s the parish again raised money to restore it. In 1960 the parish agreed to refurbish the building. The plan was now for electric lighting and heating to be installed. In 1967 restoration of the Anglo-Saxon church was begun, in 1969 it reverted to being the parish church again. This cross was probably carved in the early times of Christianity in Anglo-Saxon England, as the cross is even older than thius church.

In the 7th/8th century, the area was reconquered from the hands of the Moors by the kings of Asturias. A castle was built in 884 on the orders of King Alfonso III. Burgos became the coronation city of the kings of Castile in the 11th century, which underlines its special importance. After the conquest of Toledo by Alfonso VI. (1085). The city became the see of a Diocese and was a major stop for pilgrims to Santiago de Compostela. Burgos lost its importance a little, but the city remained an important economic, cultural, and political center in northern Spain. The Convento de San Pablo was a Dominican monastery founded in 1224 that existed until 1835. The construction of the cathedral was ordered by King Ferdinand III of Castile and the Bishop of Burgos. Ferdinand had just married Barbarossa´s granddaughter Beatrice of Swabia (aka "Elisabeth of Swabia") and wanted a cathedral, reflecting his new role in the European power game. The former Romanesque cathedral was demolished in 1221, and the construction of the new Gothic started under the guidance of a French architect. After nine years, the chevet was completed and the high altar was consecrated. Then the construction stopped for about 200 years. Attending the Council of Basel (aka "Council of Florence") in 1435 bishop Alfonso de Cartagena saw the elegant towers of the Basel Minster. When he returned to Burgos he was accompanied by German architect Johannes von Köln (aka "Juan de Colonia"), who probably knew the blueprints of the towers, planned for the Cathedral of Cologne. Under his guidance, the towers of the Cathedral were completed in open tracery. He was followed on the construction site by his son Simon de Colonia. Francisco de Colonia, Simon's son, continued the work and created the Pellejería-Portal. This was a family business. As I have uploaded many photos of the cathedral before, I will only add a few for now. 12th./13th. century - copper and enamel

A Slavic fortress of the Wends was mentioned in 1107. When Polish Duke Bolesław III conquered Pomerania, he brought Bishop Otto of Bamberg to the country for Christianisation. Otto stayed here in 1128 to baptize the Slavs. In 1128, Otto undertook another missionary journey to Pomerania, during which he again stayed in Cammin. Duke Wartislaw I, who ruled between 1121 and 1135, had his residence in Cammin - thus this was the first known seat of a Pomeranian duke. The bishopric of Cammin was founded by Henry the Lion in 1175 with Bishop Konrad I of Salzwedel. At this time, Duke Casimir I had St. John's Cathedral built. Brandenburg troops destroyed the town in 1273, which was rebuilt a year later with the participation of German immigrants. Duke Barnim I granted city rights (Lübsches Stadtrecht) in 1274. In 1308, the city, including the cathedral, was partially destroyed as a result of disputes between the Margrave of Brandenburg and the Duke of Pomerania. A predecessor of the cathedral was a wooden church, built in 1176 It was here that the Pomeranian bishopric received its name, the Diocese of Cammin. Cammin remained the bishop's seat until 1810. The church was originally built in Romanesque style. Around 1250 the southern portal was built, but in 1308 the unfinished church building was destroyed by the Brandenburg army. The construction of the basilica continued in the Gothic style. After 1310, arcades were built on the north side, and in the years 1325 to 1350, rooms were built in the east wing of the cathedral. At the beginning of the 14th century the Gothic steeple was erected. After the Reformation the church became part of the Pomeranian Evangelical Church in 1535. It remained Lutheran until 1945. During the Thirty Years' War the interior was destroyed and the tower collapsed. In 1802 the Gothic tower was demolished. In 1855 renovation works were carried out and a new bell tower in neo-Gothic style was built. The cathedral treasury was completely lost in 1945. The Gothic crucifix dates from the late 15th century.

From 936 to 1531, the Aachen chapel was the church of coronation for 30 German kings and 12 queens. In 792 Charlemagne (aka "Charles the Great", "Karl der Grosse") began the construction of a palace here and part of the whole structure was the "Palatine Chapel". Pope Leo III consecrated the chappel in 805. Here were the corridors of power around 800. The carolingian octogon is the middle part of the building. A gothic choir on the left was added later and so it beacem the "Aachen Cathedral". Parts of the westwork date back to the carolingian structure. The carolingian octogon was planned by the Odo of Metz, who obviously had seen Byzantine churches. After the erection of the Aachen Cathedral, the nobility and the canons celebrated their services in this place of worship, while the ordinary citizen had to use other churches. For this reason, a church dedicated to St. Foillan, an early Iro-Scottish missionary (brother of Saints Ultan and Fursa), was built around 1180. After the cathedral was enlarged by an extension of the aisle in 1414, the citizens also strove for a new building of their church, which had become too small meanwhile. A three-nave Gothic building was erected and consecrated in 1482. The expansion of the cathedral brought the two buildings close together and they remained separated only by a narrow alley. Of that church only remains of the choir, parts of the facade and a few other areas have been preserved. The remaining parts of the facade and the tower date from 1888 or are more recent. Most damages were caused by a bombing raid in 1944 when the church was almost completely destroyed. The church got rebuilt between 1956 and 1958. This triumphal cross found its place behind bars on the outside facade.

Soest was one of the major cities in Westphalia during the 11th./12th century, having a population of around 10.000. Founded (like Erwitte and Paderborn to the east) on the ancient "Hellweg" (=Saltway), Soest played a major role within the Hanseatic League. Once it was even the capital of Westphalia - and (1531) a centre of Protestant Reformation in the area. The town centre has more than 600 listed buildings and a couple of old churches. The "Patrokli Dom" was the church of the canonical foundation, which existed from the 10th century until its abolition in 1812. Since 1823 the church has been the parish church of the St. Patrokli parish. The triumphal cross hangs down over the altar, which contains the relics of Saint Patroclus, which were transferred from Troyes to Soest in 964 by Bruno I, Archbishop of Cologne. The cross is 2.12 m high and dates from around 1400. The images on the square ends of the cross beams on the front represent evangelists. - PiP.

St. Ulrich, located just opposite the Paderborn Cathedral is better known under the name "Gaukirche", as it has that name for centuries. Just like the predeccesing church, the "Gaukirche", erected in the 12th century served the people of the area ("Gau"). Since a nunnery got established here, the church was the church of that convent between 1231 and 1810, when the nunnery got secularized. Especially in the 18th century a lot of Baroque modifications had been done, that all were eliminated in the 19th century. Late afternoon in Paderborn.

Venice (ital. Venezia) is one of the most important tourist destinations worldwide with about 30 million visitors each year. As each tourist takes at least 100 photos (minimum!) in Venice 3000000000 photos are taken here per year, what means more than 8 millions per day. Many of them are uploaded and can be found in the web. - The western facade of the Basilica di San Marco he has many portals. This one serves as EXIT. Note the pointed arch, in architecture typical for the eastern / muslim style. The carvings are - Romanesque.

Venice (ital. Venezia) is one of the most important tourist destinations worldwide with about 30 million visitors each year. As each tourist takes at least 100 photos (minimum!) in Venice 3000000000 photos are taken here per year, what means more than 8 millions per day. Many of them are uploaded and can be found in the web. - Back under the domes over the basilica´s nave. I remember having seen a very similar cross in Cathedral of Trogir (now Croatia), once a part of the "Venetian Empire".