StoneRoad2013's photos with the keyword: water hardness

Water hardness does indirectly affect the cost of living - those living in hard water areas spend more on soap / detergents, plus certain electrical "white goods" do not last as well - things like furred up kettles and washing machines. Also hot water pipework can become almost blocked by limescale deposits - and it needs more expensive energy to heat that water as the scaling is a poor conductor of heat. [Quibble - this does not distinguish between temporary & permanent hardness - a chemist would do so] . Not my image : fair use & public education