Yale University Art Gallery

Herakles and the Nemean Lion ca. A.D. 160–256 Limestone 51.8 x 34.3 x 28 cm (20 3/8 x 13 1/2 x 11 in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1938.5302 The greatest of the Greek heroes, Herakles (Hercules) appears frequently at Dura-Europos, honored alongside his father, Zeus, in temples and worshipped alone in houses. He represents courage and strength and is best known for the twelve, impossible-seeming labors that he performed. At Dura, Herakles is invariably shown wrestling the Nemean lion with either the lion itself or its skin, which he carries afterward for protection and as a sign of strength. The significance of this myth for residents of Dura-Europos stemmed from the tradition of lion hunts as an activity of heroes and kings in the ancient Near East. Culture: Dura-Europos (Syria) Period: Roman Classification: Sculpture. Bibliography: Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 354, no. 47, pl. 47. Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 114, no. 41, ill. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/24948

Herakles and the Nemean Lion ca. A.D. 160–256 Limestone 51.8 x 34.3 x 28 cm (20 3/8 x 13 1/2 x 11 in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1938.5302 The greatest of the Greek heroes, Herakles (Hercules) appears frequently at Dura-Europos, honored alongside his father, Zeus, in temples and worshipped alone in houses. He represents courage and strength and is best known for the twelve, impossible-seeming labors that he performed. At Dura, Herakles is invariably shown wrestling the Nemean lion with either the lion itself or its skin, which he carries afterward for protection and as a sign of strength. The significance of this myth for residents of Dura-Europos stemmed from the tradition of lion hunts as an activity of heroes and kings in the ancient Near East. Culture: Dura-Europos (Syria) Period: Roman Classification: Sculpture. Bibliography: Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 354, no. 47, pl. 47. Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 114, no. 41, ill. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/24948

Votive Relief of the goddess Nemesis A.D. 228-229 Limestone Object: 45 x 40.5 x 12 cm (17 11/16 x 15 15/16 x 4 3/4 in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1938.5312 Culture: Syrian, Dura-Europos Period: 3rd century A.D. Classification: Sculpture Bibliography: Ludwig Budde, Die Entstehung des antiken Repräsentationsbilde (Berlin: W. de Gruyter, 1957), 16, fig. 43. Ann Perkins, The Art of Dura-Europos, 1st ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), 8890, pl. 36, ill. Susan B. Downey, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report III (Los Angeles: Insititue of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, 1977), 2931, 191192, 203, no. 9, pl. 4, fig. 9. Christa Bauchenss-Thüriedl, Erika Simon, and Ingrid Krauskopf, Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae, 8 vols. (Zurich: Artemis, 198197), vol. 5, p. 1034, no. 3, pl. 649; vol. 6, p. 771, no. 16. Jerome J. Pollitt, “An Obsession with Fortune,” Yale University Art Gallery Bulletin (1994): 25, no. 57, fig. 9. “Catalogue of the Exhibition ‘An Obsession with Fortune: Tyche in Greek and Roman Art’,” Yale University Art Gallery Bulletin (1994): 116, no. 57, fig. 9. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 324, no. 4, pl. 4. Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 80, no. 43, fig. 4.4. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/25173

Votive Relief of the goddess Nemesis A.D. 228-229 Limestone Object: 45 x 40.5 x 12 cm (17 11/16 x 15 15/16 x 4 3/4 in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1938.5312 Culture: Syrian, Dura-Europos Period: 3rd century A.D. Classification: Sculpture Bibliography: Ludwig Budde, Die Entstehung des antiken Repräsentationsbilde (Berlin: W. de Gruyter, 1957), 16, fig. 43. Ann Perkins, The Art of Dura-Europos, 1st ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), 8890, pl. 36, ill. Susan B. Downey, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report III (Los Angeles: Insititue of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, 1977), 2931, 191192, 203, no. 9, pl. 4, fig. 9. Christa Bauchenss-Thüriedl, Erika Simon, and Ingrid Krauskopf, Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae, 8 vols. (Zurich: Artemis, 198197), vol. 5, p. 1034, no. 3, pl. 649; vol. 6, p. 771, no. 16. Jerome J. Pollitt, “An Obsession with Fortune,” Yale University Art Gallery Bulletin (1994): 25, no. 57, fig. 9. “Catalogue of the Exhibition ‘An Obsession with Fortune: Tyche in Greek and Roman Art’,” Yale University Art Gallery Bulletin (1994): 116, no. 57, fig. 9. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 324, no. 4, pl. 4. Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 80, no. 43, fig. 4.4. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/25173

Head of Atargatis or Tyche with doves 1st century A.D. Limestone 13 x 25.5 x 5 cm. (5 1/8 x 10 1/16 x 1 15/16 in. ) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1935.46 Culture: Dura-Europos (Syria). Period: Graeco-Roman or Parthian Classification: Sculpture Bibliography: Ann Perkins, The Art of Dura-Europos, 1st ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), 103104, pl. 44, ill. Susan B. Downey, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report III (Los Angeles: Insititue of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, 1977), 478, 172180, no. 33, pl. 9, fig. 33. Christa Bauchenss-Thüriedl, Erika Simon, and Ingrid Krauskopf, Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae, 8 vols. (Zurich: Artemis, 198197), vol. 3, p. 356-57, no. 20; vol. 7, p. 156-57, no. 3, pl. 98. Handbook of the Collections, exh. cat. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Art Gallery, 1992), 271, ill. Jerome J. Pollitt, “An Obsession with Fortune,” Yale University Art Gallery Bulletin (1994): 23, no. 55, fig. 7. “Catalogue of the Exhibition ‘An Obsession with Fortune: Tyche in Greek and Roman Art’,” Yale University Art Gallery Bulletin (1994): 116, no. 55, fig. 7. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 351, no. 44, pl. 44. Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 53, no. 36, fig. 224. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/6834

Head of Atargatis or Tyche with doves 1st century A.D. Limestone 13 x 25.5 x 5 cm. (5 1/8 x 10 1/16 x 1 15/16 in. ) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1935.46 Culture: Dura-Europos (Syria). Period: Graeco-Roman or Parthian Classification: Sculpture Bibliography: Ann Perkins, The Art of Dura-Europos, 1st ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), 103104, pl. 44, ill. Susan B. Downey, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report III (Los Angeles: Insititue of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, 1977), 478, 172180, no. 33, pl. 9, fig. 33. Christa Bauchenss-Thüriedl, Erika Simon, and Ingrid Krauskopf, Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae, 8 vols. (Zurich: Artemis, 198197), vol. 3, p. 356-57, no. 20; vol. 7, p. 156-57, no. 3, pl. 98. Handbook of the Collections, exh. cat. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Art Gallery, 1992), 271, ill. Jerome J. Pollitt, “An Obsession with Fortune,” Yale University Art Gallery Bulletin (1994): 23, no. 55, fig. 7. “Catalogue of the Exhibition ‘An Obsession with Fortune: Tyche in Greek and Roman Art’,” Yale University Art Gallery Bulletin (1994): 116, no. 55, fig. 7. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 351, no. 44, pl. 44. Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 53, no. 36, fig. 224. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/6834

Thymiaterion Green-Glazed Altar mid-2nd to mid-3rd century A.D. Terracotta 31.8 x 23.3 x 13.9 cm (12 1/2 x 9 3/16 x 5 1/2 in. ) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1938.4966 Culture: Syrian, Dura-Europos Period: 3rd century A.D. Classification: Containers - Ceramic Bibliography: Michael I. Rostovtzeff, Dura-Europos and Its Art, 1st (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1938), 46, pl. 8:2, ill. Handbook of the Collections, exh. cat. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Art Gallery, 1992), 272, ill. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 346, no. 39, pl. 39. Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 62, no. 44, ill. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/58238

Life-sized male head in polos (Zeus Megistos?) ca. A.D. 160-169 Limestone Overall: 39.688 x 26 x 21 cm (15 5/8 x 10 1/4 x 8 1/4 in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1938.5316 Culture: Syrian, Dura-Europos Period: Parthian or Roman, 2nd century A.D. Classification: Sculpture Bibliography: Michael I. Rostovtzeff, Dura-Europos and Its Art, 1st (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1938), 65, fig. pl. 11:2. Susan B. Downey, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report III (Los Angeles: Insititue of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, 1977), 667, 208210, no. 50, pl. 13, fig. 50. Christa Bauchenss-Thüriedl, Erika Simon, and Ingrid Krauskopf, Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae, 8 vols. (Zurich: Artemis, 198197), vol. 8, p. 386, no. 159, pl. 250. Handbook of the Collections, exh. cat. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Art Gallery, 1992), 272, ill. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 348, no. 41, pl. 41. Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 113, no. 37, ill. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/25259

Funerary Inscription for Julius Terentius ca. A.D. 239 Alabaster 33.97 x 28.89 x 1.91 cm (13 3/8 x 11 3/8 x 3/4 in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1934.425 Culture: Dura-Europos (Syria) Period: Roman, 3rd century A.D. Classification: Inscriptions Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/6423

Gypsum Statuette (Nebo?) ca. A.D. 150 Gypsum Object: 24.5 x 18 x 13.5 cm (9 5/8 x 7 1/16 x 5 5/16 in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1938.5304 Culture: Syrian, Dura-Europos Period: Graeco-Roman or Parthian Classification: Sculpture Bibliography: Ann Perkins, The Art of Dura-Europos, 1st ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), 110111, pl. 49, ill. Susan B. Downey, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report III (Los Angeles: Insititue of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, 1977), 645, 226, no. 48, pl. 12, fig. 48. Christa Bauchenss-Thüriedl, Erika Simon, and Ingrid Krauskopf, Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae, 8 vols. (Zurich: Artemis, 198197), vol. 2, p. 246, no. 494, pl. 221; vol. 6, p. 699, no. 9, pl. 414. Lucinda Dirven, The Palmyrenes of Dura-Europos: A Study of Religious Interaction in Roman Syria (Leiden, Netherlands: E. J. Brill, 1999), 12829, 23536, 254, pl. 7. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/24956

Relief of Arsu probably 3rd century A.D. Limestone Object: 35 x 20.5 x 7.5 cm (13 3/4 x 8 1/16 x 2 15/16 in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1938.5311 Culture: Syrian, Dura-Europos Period: Graeco-Roman or Parthian Classification: Sculpture Bibliography: Susan B. Downey, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report III (Los Angeles: Insititue of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, 1977), 5355, 195199, no. 42, pl. 11, fig. 42. Christa Bauchenss-Thüriedl, Erika Simon, and Ingrid Krauskopf, Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae, 8 vols. (Zurich: Artemis, 198197), vol. 2, p. 615, no. 2, pl. 440. Lucinda Dirven, The Palmyrenes of Dura-Europos: A Study of Religious Interaction in Roman Syria (Leiden, Netherlands: E. J. Brill, 1999), 12425, 319321, pl. 15. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 352, no. 45, pl. 45. Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 8, no. 8, ill. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/25169

Arsu Riding a Camel ca. 2nd century A.D. Limestone 133 x 44.5 x 7 cm (13 x 17 1/2 x 2 3/4 in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1935.44 The worship of Arsu, an Arab god, was probably introduced at Dura-Europos during the Parthian era by caravans and nomads. In the earlier of the two Arsu reliefs in the Yale University Art Gallery’s collection (see also 1938.5311), the god rides a camel and approaches an altar. A crescent perhaps symbolizes his association with the evening star; the rose may signal divinity. After Dura became a Roman military garrison, worship of Arsu emphasized his military characteristics. The later relief above depicts a standing Arsu with weapons of the desert: a small round shield, a spear, and a sword. Culture: Dura-Europos (Syria) Period: Parthian or Roman, 2nd century A.D. Classification: Sculpture Bibliography: Michael I. Rostovtzeff, Dura-Europos and Its Art, 1st (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1938), 65, pl. 12, ill. Dorothy E. Miner, ed., Early Christian and Byzantine Art, exh. cat. (Baltimore: The Walters Art Museum, 1947), 35, no. 76, fig. Pl. X. Ann Perkins, The Art of Dura-Europos, 1st ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), 98100, pl. 40, ill. Susan B. Downey, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report III (Los Angeles: Insititue of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, 1977), 556, 195199, no. 43, pl. 11, fig. 43. Christa Bauchenss-Thüriedl, Erika Simon, and Ingrid Krauskopf, Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae, 8 vols. (Zurich: Artemis, 198197), vol. 2, p. 615, no. 3, pl. 440. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 353, no. 46, pl. 46. Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 53, no. 39, fig. 223. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/6832

Relief of Atargatis and Hadad ca. A.D 100-256 Limestone Overall: 41 x 28 x 11.5cm (16 1/8 x 11 x 4 1/2in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1930.319 Culture: Dura-Europos (Syria) Period: Roman, 2nd or 3rd century A.D. Classification: Sculpture Bibliography: Ann Perkins, The Art of Dura-Europos, 1st ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), 9496, pl. 38, ill. Susan B. Downey, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report III (Los Angeles: Insititue of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, 1977), 911, 17377, no. 2, pl. 1, fig. 2. Handbook of the Collections, exh. cat. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Art Gallery, 1992), 271, ill. Jerome J. Pollitt, “An Obsession with Fortune,” Yale University Art Gallery Bulletin (1994): 24, no. 56, fig. 8. “Catalogue of the Exhibition ‘An Obsession with Fortune: Tyche in Greek and Roman Art’,” Yale University Art Gallery Bulletin (1994): 116, no. 56, fig. 8. Maurice Sarte, The Middle East Under Rome (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2004). Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 350, no. 43, pl. 43. Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 114, no. 40, ill. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/4217

Cult relief of Zeus Kyrios-Baalshamin 31/32 A.D. Limestone 52 x 35 x 9 cm (20 1/2 x 13 3/4 x 3 9/16 in. ) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1935.45 Culture: Dura-Europos (Syria) Period: 1st century A.D. Classification: Sculpture Bibliography: Michael I. Rostovtzeff, Dura-Europos and Its Art, 1st (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1938), 65, pl. 11:1, ill. Harald Ingholt, Palmyrene and Gandharan Sculpture: An Exhibition Illustrating the Cultural Interrelations Between the Parthian Empire and Its Neighbors West and East, Palmyra and Gandhara, exh. cat. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Art Gallery, 1954), n.p., no. 16, ill. Ann Perkins, The Art of Dura-Europos, 1st ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), 7279, pl. 30, ill. Susan B. Downey, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report III (Los Angeles: Insititue of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, 1977), 3134, 208210, no. 10, pl. 4, fig. 10. Christa Bauchenss-Thüriedl, Erika Simon, and Ingrid Krauskopf, Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae, 8 vols. (Zurich: Artemis, 198197), vol. 3, p. 75-76, no. 1, pl. 62; vol. 8, p. 386, no. 159, pl. 250. Handbook of the Collections, exh. cat. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Art Gallery, 1992), 271, ill. Lucinda Dirven, The Palmyrenes of Dura-Europos: A Study of Religious Interaction in Roman Syria (Leiden, Netherlands: E. J. Brill, 1999), 212218, 219220, pl. 3. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 349, no. 42, pl. 42. Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 14, no. 35, ill. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/6833

Relief, Funeral Banquet ca. 200-250 A.D. Limestone Overall: 52.705 x 56.198 x 8.9 cm (20 3/4 x 22 1/8 x 3 1/2 in.) Purchased for the University by Prof. Rostovtzeff 1931.138 Culture: Palmyra Period: Roman, 3rd century A.D. Classification: Sculpture Bibliography: William E. Mierse and Florence D. Friedman, To Bid Farewell: Images of Death in the Ancient World, exh. cat. (Providence, R.I.: Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design, 1987), no. 2, ill. Handbook of the Collections, exh. cat. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Art Gallery, 1992), 267. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 376, no. 75, pl. 75. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Roman in the Provinces: Art on the Periphery of Empire (Chestnut Hill, Mass.: McMullen Museum of Art, 2014), 343, no. 181, pl. 181. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/4729

Stone to Commemorate Altar to Zeus A.D. 165-256 Limestone Object: 36.83 x 31.75 x 8.89 cm (14 1/2 x 12 1/2 x 3 1/2 in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1929.384 Culture: Dura-Europos (Syria) Period: Roman, 2nd or 3rd century A.D. Classification: Inscriptions Bibliography: Michael I. Rostovtzeff, Professor Paul V. C. Baur, and Professor Alfred R. Bellinger, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, 9 vols. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 192944), 8688, fig. 2. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/3521

Depinto Scene of Sacrifice ca. A.D. 256 Ink on Gypsum Object: 38.5 x 79 cm (15 3/16 x 31 1/8 in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1932.1208 Culture: Dura-Europos (Syria). Period: Roman, 3rd century A.D. Classification: Paintings Bibliography: Michael I. Rostovtzeff, Professor Paul V. C. Baur, and Professor Alfred R. Bellinger, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, 9 vols. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 192944), pp. 15356, pls. 37.13, ill. Katherine M Kiefer and Susan B. Matheson, Life in an Eastern Province: The Roman Fortress at Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Art Gallery, 1982), no. 15. Lucinda Dirven, The Palmyrenes of Dura-Europos: A Study of Religious Interaction in Roman Syria (Leiden, Netherlands: E. J. Brill, 1999), 186, 316318, pl. 14. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 213, fig. 12.5. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/34186

Depinto Scene of Sacrifice ca. A.D. 256 Ink on Gypsum Object: 38.5 x 79 cm (15 3/16 x 31 1/8 in.) Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos 1932.1208 Culture: Dura-Europos (Syria). Period: Roman, 3rd century A.D. Classification: Paintings Bibliography: Michael I. Rostovtzeff, Professor Paul V. C. Baur, and Professor Alfred R. Bellinger, The Excavations at Dura-Europos, 9 vols. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 192944), pp. 15356, pls. 37.13, ill. Katherine M Kiefer and Susan B. Matheson, Life in an Eastern Province: The Roman Fortress at Dura-Europos, exh. cat. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Art Gallery, 1982), no. 15. Lucinda Dirven, The Palmyrenes of Dura-Europos: A Study of Religious Interaction in Roman Syria (Leiden, Netherlands: E. J. Brill, 1999), 186, 316318, pl. 14. Lisa R. Brody and Gail Hoffman, eds., Dura-Europos: Crossroads of Antiquity (Boston: McMullen Museum of Art, 2011), 213, fig. 12.5. Text from: artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/34186