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Ernest Van Dyck as Tanhauser "Tanhauser:" Wagner ERNEST VAN DYCK (Ernst Marie Hubert VAN DIJCK ) (Anvers, 02 Aprill 1861 – Berlaar [Berlaar-lez-Lierre], province d'Anvers, 31 August 1923) Belguim Tenor First student in law at Louvain and Brussels, he became a journalist, editor of "the Scheldt" in Antwerp, from "the motherland" in Paris, where he worked with Saint-Yves-Bax singing. He was hired by Lamoureux concerts and was there cheering for five years in the music of Wagner. January 25, 1886, he created with the Concerts Lamoureux in the Eden-Théâtre le song of the Bell (Wilhelm) of Vincent d'Indy. When Lamoureux gave April 30, 1887, this theatre the memorable representation of Lohengrin in the French version of Charles Nuitter, Van Dyck was appointed to the role of Lohengrin. He was part of the cast of Bayreuth from 1888 to 1911; its beginning was resounding, and the young singer was immediately hired in Vienna, where he played in German: Parsifal, Lohengrin, the gold of the Rhine, the mastersingers of Nuremberg, then Faust, Romeo and Juliet, Manon, and finally Werther (Werther), which he created at the imperial Opera on February 16, 1892 in the German version of Kalbeck. He continued to sing annually at Bayreuth, where he became the Wagnerian tenor by excellence. Covent-Garden, its success was not less complete. March 14, 1897, he created in Monte - Carlo Moina (Patrice) of Isidore de Lara. He sang repeatedly the operas of Wagner at the Opéra de Paris in 1897, in 1908, and notably in 1914 when Parsifal was staged for the first time. On 1 April 1913, he staged the Freischütz at the Théâtre des Champs Elysées. Van Dyck was one of the most accomplished Wagnerian tenors.

Jeanne Camperdon as Ophelia "Hamlet" Thomas JEANNE CAMPERDON (Jeanne Hacoun) Algeria, January 27, 1884 Algerian Soprano Debut 13, 1908 in LES HUGUENOTS (the Queen). Sings: TANNHÄUSER (Venus, 1908), the twilight of the gods (Voglinde, 1908; Gutrune, 1928), ARMIDE (Lucinde 1909; Sidonie, 1910), die WALKÜRE (Ortlinde, 1909), THAIS (Charmeuse, 1909), HAMLET (Ophelia, 1909), William TELL (Mathilde, 1909), ROMEO and Juliet (Juliette, 1909), RIGOLETTO (Gilda, 1909), FAUST (Marguerite, 1910), GWENDOLINE (Gwendoline, 1912), fatherland! (Rafaela, 1915), OEDIPUS A column (Antigone, 1916), the magic FLUTE (Queen of the night, 1923), the triumph of love (Diane, 1925, Venus, 1932), CASTOR and POLLUX (Phoebe, 1930). CREATED creations of the RHINEGOLD (Freia), LA FORÊT (Linden), SIBERIA (the little girl), ICARE (a nymph), ROMA (Junia), the JEWELS of the Madonna (Stella), PARSIFAL (girl-flower), the VIRTUOSI of MAZARIN, LE CHEVALIER A LA ROSE (the Marschallin).

ADELINA PATTI (19 February 1843 – 27 September 1919) Soprano Her voice was noticed very early and she nade her first tour in America at the age of seven years and was a huge success. Studied singing in New York under the direction of Maurice Strakosch, her brother-in-law, and in 1859 she sang in New York in Lucia di Lammermoor. At Covent Garden theatre in London in 1861 where she sang la Sonnambula, her reputation was strengthened and in 1862 she was singing in Paris at the Théâtre Italien, where she soon became the star. She remained at Paris until 1870, being heard in London during the summer season. In Paris she sang the Italian Repertory, in London the french Repertory. After a long stay in America and London, Patti returned several times to Paris at the Opera (debut in 1874) and the Théâtre de la Gaîté. Then she resumed travels and successfully created, in London, in 1882, the Charles Lenepveu's Velléda. She also created Dolores of André Pollonais in Nice on February 22, 1897. She triumphed especially in a vast Italian repertoire that suited to her beautiful light soprano voice. His career lasted for fifty-six years.

ADELINA PATTI (19 February 1843 – 27 September 1919) Soprano Her voice was noticed very early and she nade her first tour in America at the age of seven years and was a huge success. Studied singing in New York under the direction of Maurice Strakosch, her brother-in-law, and in 1859 she sang in New York in Lucia di Lammermoor. At Covent Garden theatre in London in 1861 where she sang la Sonnambula, her reputation was strengthened and in 1862 she was singing in Paris at the Théâtre Italien, where she soon became the star. She remained at Paris until 1870, being heard in London during the summer season. In Paris she sang the Italian Repertory, in London the french Repertory. After a long stay in America and London, Patti returned several times to Paris at the Opera (debut in 1874) and the Théâtre de la Gaîté. Then she resumed travels and successfully created, in London, in 1882, the Charles Lenepveu's Velléda. She also created Dolores of André Pollonais in Nice on February 22, 1897. She triumphed especially in a vast Italian repertoire that suited to her beautiful light soprano voice. His career lasted for fifty-six years.

Jeanne Garnier as Orphee 'Orphee Aux Enfers" Offenbach JEANNE GRANIER (31 March 1852 – 18 or 19 December 1939) was a French soprano, born and died in Paris, Granier was a pupil of Madame Barthe-Banderali, studying both opéra-comique and Italian music. Her debut was in 1873 at the Théâtre de la Renaissance, replacing at short notice Louise Théo as Rose Michon in the opening run of La jolie parfumeuse. Thus noticed by Offenbach, she went on to create Giroflé-Girofla (Paris premiere), title role in La Marjolaine, the title role in Le petit duc, Janot, Ninella, Mme le Diable, Belle Lurette and Fanfreluche. At the Théâtre des Variétés Granier appeared in major roles in revivals of La belle Hélène, Barbe-bleue, and La Grande-Duchesse de Gérolstein. Her other premieres at various Paris theatres included Mlle Gavroche (at the Variétés), Jacquette-Jaquet in La Béarnaise (Bouffes), Therèse in La cigale et la fourmi (Gaité) and Les saturnales (Nouveautés).

Cecile Thevenet as Carmen 'Carmen" Bizet CECILE THEVENET ????-???? Debut Carmen (Carmen) on October 14, 1906. Created room Favart, Ariane and Bluebeard (the nanny), Celeste (old lady), Chemineau (Catherine), Julien (a chimera), Lépreuse (a Washerwoman), Penelope (Eurycleia). She participated in the premiere May 16, 1908, the clown (Madam Barbazan) of Isaac de Camondo. the tales of Hoffmann (Nicklauss), Louise (Gertrude, the Gleaner, the mother), Mireille (Taven), le Pardon de Ploermel (a shepherd), Werther (Charlotte) and the legend of Point of Argentan (Rose-Marie).

Zina Brozia as Thais "Thais" Massenet ZINA BROZIA 1880- French Soprano Studied with Elena Teodorini in Paris . Her Opera Comique debut was as Violetta “La Traviata” by Verdi on the 13 September 1905, after singing the roles of Gilda, Manon and Seso in the world première of Erlanger’s “Aphrodita”, She was a member of the Opéra Comique between 1905-1909. In 1907 she sang at Monte Carlo, making her debut as Elena in Mefistofele, and thereafter appearing as Elisabeth in Verdi’ s Don Carlos. She made guest appearances at the Monnaie, Brussels, and in 1908 at the Teatro Regio, Parma, as Butterfly and Manon. She débuted at the Palais Garnier on 27 March 1908 as Gilda in Rigoletto and also sang Juliet “Romeo and Juliet “ , Marguerite “Faust”, Marguerite “ Mefistofele”, Thais “Thais” then, in 1909, in Ophelia “Hamlet”. In 1911 Russell brought her to Boston and from Boston she returned to France. In 1914 at Théâtre de Gaité à Paris she sang Salome in Massenet’s Herodiade and took part in Bianchini’s Radda , a one act piece after a drama by Gorki. Also she created Hirschmann's “La Danseuse de Tangra” at La Gaitie in Paris.

EUPHROSYNE PAREPA-ROSA (7 May 1836 – 21 January 1874) British Soprano Her operatic début was at the age of 16 in Malta as Amina in La Sonnambula, followed by engagements in Naples, Genoa, Rome, Florence, Madrid, and Lisbon. She sang at the Lyceum Theatre, London, for the 1857 season (the year after the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden burnt down), and between 1859 and 1865 appeared in opera at both Covent Garden and Her Majesty's Theatre. During this time, she participated in two operatic premieres, creating the title role in Alfred Mellon's Victorine on 19 December 1859, and the role of Mabel in George Alexander Macfarren's opera Helvellyn on 5 November 1864. Established the Parepa-Rosa English Opera Company there, In 1870, the Parepa-Rosa Opera Company returned to Britain and then appeared in Italian opera at Cairo, Egypt, followed by a return to America for another successful tour in 1871-71. In 1872, they returned to Britain. In September 1873, the company changed its name to Carl Rosa's English Opera, since Parepa was pregnant Parepa-Rosa died in childbirth in London at the age of 37 while preparing a production of an English version of Richard Wagner's Lohengrin.

MARGUERITE CARRERE-XANROF (Marie Héloïse SOUVIROU-CARRÈRE) (Bordeaux, 13 September 1867-1952). French Soprano Debut June 24, 1892 in FAUST (Marguerite). Sang LES HUGUENOTS (the Queen, 1892, Urbain, 1897), LA JUIVE (Eudokia, 1892), ROBERT LE DIABLE (Isabelle, 1892), the Prophet (Berthe, 1892), ROMEO and Juliet (Juliet, 1893; Stefano, 1901), die WALKÜRE (Sieglinde, 1894; Helmwigue, 1895), TANNHÄUSER (Venus, 1895), DON JUAN (Zerline, 1897), MESSIDOR (Helen, 1897), BRISEIS (Briseis, 1899), JOSEPH (Benjamin, 1899), THAIS (Thais, 1901), ASTARTE (Iole, 1901). Participated in the premiere of die WALKÜRE (Guerhilde

MIRIELLE BERTHON (Paris, 06 August 1889 – 16 January 1955). French Soprano Debut THAÏS (Thaïs) January 07, 1917. The same year, sang FAUST (Marguerite), ROMEO and Juliet (Juliet), RIGOLETTO (Gilda), MAZARIN VIRTUOZI, ROMA (Junia), then is displayed in CASTOR and POLLUX (Phoebe, 1918), fatherland! (Rafaela, 1919), LA DAMNATION DE FAUST (Marguerite, 1919), die WALKÜRE (Guerhilde, 1921), ANTAR (Abia, 1921) gold of the Rhine (Freia, 1921), LOHENGRIN (Elsa, 1922), HERODIAS (Salome, 1923), ZAUBERFLÖTE (Pamina, 1923), the garden of Paradise (Arabella, 1923), PARSIFAL (girl-flower, 1924), ESTHER (Esther, 1925) and bench (Nedda, 1927).

ANNA DE BELOCCA (née de Bellokh) (4 January 1854 – unknown ), was a Russian-born operatic contralto. born in St.Petersburg, Studied with Lablache and Maurice Strakosch, she made her stage debut in Paris at the Théâtre Italien as Rosina The Barber of Seville. She also appeared there in the title role of La Cenerentola and as Arsace in Semiramide. She appeared in various cities in Europe, including Councilor of State. After studying in St. Petersburg with Henriette Nissen-Saloman and in Paris with Nicolas London, where she made her debut with Mapleson's company. She then became a member of the Strakosch Opera Company with whom she made her American debut on 17 April 1876 as Rosina at New York's Academy of Music. She also appeared in concerts in Boston, Chicago, Philadelphia and San Francisco. With the Mapleson company, she continued to sing leading roles in New York and Philadelphia through the 1880s.

Rosa Bosman as Rafaela 'Patrie" Paladilhe ROSA BOSMAN (Bruxelles, 29 décembre 1857 – 1930). Belguim Soprano She studied singing at the Brussels Conservatory in the class of Henri Warnots. Her debut at la Monnaie in Brussels in CARMEN (Carmen) in 1880. She debuted at the Opera June 12, 1885 by attending the first of SIGURD (Hilda) of Ernest Reyer. Creates the CID (Infante) November 30, 1885, MOTHERLAND! (Rafaela), LA DAME DE MONSOREAU (Diane), ASCANIO (Scozzone), STRATONICE (Stratonice), LANCELOT (Elaine), April 26, 1901 the King of PARIS (Jeanne de Noirmoutiers) of Georges Hüe. She attended the first hearing of the Rhine gold (Fricka, Wellegunde) by Richard Wagner 06 May 1893. On the other hand, has been shown successively from 1885 to 1898 in GUILLAUME TELL (Mathilde), LE CID (Chimène), FAUST (Marguerite), SIGURD (Jennifer), DON JUAN (Zerlina, and Doña Elvira), the Prophet (Berthe) L'AFRICAINE (Ines), LA JUIVE (Eudokia), ROBERT LE DIABLE (Alice), the MAGE (Anahita), LOHENGRIN (Elsa), SALAMMBÔ (Salammbô), die WALKÜRE (Sieglinde), OTHELLO (Desdemona), TANNHÄUSER (Elisabeth), DJELMA (Djelma) and the master SINGERS of NUREMBERG (Eva).

MEYRIANE HEGLON-LEROUX (Bruxelles, 21 juin 1867 – 1942). Belguim Contralto Debut 05 November 1890 in RIGOLETTO (Madeleine). Sings SIGURD (Uta, 1890), William TELL (Edwige, 1891), AIDA (Amneris, 1891), SAMSON ET DALILA (Dalila, 1893), die WALKÜRE (Fricka, 1893), the mountain black (Yamina, 1895); THE taking of Troy (Cassandre), HAMLET (Queen), the song of departure in 1900; HENRY VIII (Anne), the Prophet (Fides) in 1903. Has created the life of the poet (the Muse), die WALKÜRE (Schwartleite); on March 16, 1894 (Myrtale) THAIS by Jules Massenet; DJELMA (Ourvaci), OTHELLO (Emilia), Black Mountain (Dara), FRÉDÉGONDE (Frédégonde), the Rhine (Liberal) Bell, the BURGUNDIAN (Pyrrha), ASTARTE (Omphale), barbarians (Livia), SIEGFRIED (Erda), ORSOLA (Orsola), the son of the Star (Lilith) and THEODORA (Theodora).

ETELKA GERSTER (25 June 1855, Košice – 20 August 1920, Pontecchio) Hungarian Soprano Studied on the recommendation of the composer Hellmesberger at the Vienna Conservatory at the famous Mathilde Marchesi de Castrone. The composer Verdi heard her in 1875 in the house of her teacher at the presentation of an aria from his opera 'La Traviata' and recommended it to the Teatro Fenice Venice. There she began her great career in 1876, by Gilda in 'Rigoletto' as recited debut role. 1876-77 had her first successes in Marseille and Genoa. 1877 she was staying with an Italian opera company in Berlin, her sister, the soprano Bertha Krause-Gerster (* 1852? April 1885 Paris), was a member at the Kroll Opera .. She married the impresario Carlo Gardini (1833-1910),In 1877 she came to London and was at Her Majesty's Theatre as Amina in Bellini's 'La Sonnambula and was' very successful, so came in the following years to Her Majesty's near the end of her career in 1890 she was at the Covent Garden Opera . In the years 1878-87 she was mainly in North America, and indeed after 1878, she sang at the Mapleson Opera Company with which they undertook extensive concert tours through the United States. In 1878 she toured with this company at the Academy of Music in New York and had in her inaugural role of Amina in 'La Sonnambula', and then the Queen of the Night in the Magic Flute . In 1889 she moved to Berlin and opened a singing school, which met with general approval, and where she taught until 1917 there. She was the teacher of Lula Mysz Gmeiner, Clara Butt and Julia Culp.. In 1918 she retired to her villa in Pontecchio near Bologna .

Emma Calve as Carmen 'Carmen" Bizet EMMA CALVE (Rosa Emma Calvet de Noëmie Roquer) (August 15, 1858 – January 6, 1942), French Soprano Her operatic debut occurred on September 23, 1881, in Gounod's Faust at Brussels' La Monnaie. Later she sang at La Scala in Milan, and also at the principal theatres of Naples, Rome, and Florence. Returning to Paris in 1891, she created the part of Suzel in L'amico Fritz by Pietro Mascagni, playing and singing the role later at Rome. Because of her great success in it, she was chosen to appear as Santuzza in the French premiere of Cavalleria rusticana, which was viewed as one of her greatest parts. She repeated her success in it in London. Her next triumph was Bizet's Carmen. Before beginning the study of this part, she went to Spain, learned the Spanish dances, mingled with the people and patterned her characterization after the cigarette girls whom she watched at their work and at play. In 1894, she made her appearance in the role at the Opéra-Comique, Paris. The city's opera-goers immediately hailed her as the greatest Carmen that had ever appeared, a verdict other cities would later echo. She had had many famous predecessors in the role, including Adelina Patti, Minnie Hauk and Célestine Galli-Marié, but critics and musicians agreed that in Calvé they had found their ideal of Bizet's cigarette girl of Seville. Calvé first appeared in America in the season of 1893–1894 as Mignon. She would make regular visits to the country, both in grand opera and in concert tours. After making her Metropolitan Opera debut as Santuzza, she went on to appear a total of 261 times with the company between 1893 and 1904. She created the part of Anita, which was written for her, in Massenet's La Navarraise in London in 1894 and sang Sapho in an opera written by the same composer. She sang Ophélie in Ambroise Thomas's Hamlet in Paris in 1899, but the part was not suited to her and she dropped it. She appeared with success in many roles, among them, as the Countess in The Marriage of Figaro, the title role in Félicien David's Lalla-Rookh, as Pamina in The Magic Flute, and as Camille in Hérold's Zampa, but she is best known as Carmen .

EMMA CALVE (Rosa Emma Calvet de Noëmie Roquer) (August 15, 1858 – January 6, 1942), French Soprano Her operatic debut occurred on September 23, 1881, in Gounod's Faust at Brussels' La Monnaie. Later she sang at La Scala in Milan, and also at the principal theatres of Naples, Rome, and Florence. Returning to Paris in 1891, she created the part of Suzel in L'amico Fritz by Pietro Mascagni, playing and singing the role later at Rome. Because of her great success in it, she was chosen to appear[citation needed] as Santuzza in the French premiere of Cavalleria rusticana, which was viewed as one of her greatest parts. She repeated her success in it in London. Her next triumph was Bizet's Carmen. Before beginning the study of this part, she went to Spain, learned the Spanish dances, mingled with the people and patterned her characterization after the cigarette girls whom she watched at their work and at play. In 1894, she made her appearance in the role at the Opéra-Comique, Paris. The city's opera-goers immediately hailed her as the greatest Carmen that had ever appeared, a verdict other cities would later echo. She had had many famous predecessors in the role, including Adelina Patti, Minnie Hauk and Célestine Galli-Marié, but critics and musicians agreed that in Calvé they had found their ideal of Bizet's cigarette girl of Seville. Calvé first appeared in America in the season of 1893–1894 as Mignon. She would make regular visits to the country, both in grand opera and in concert tours. After making her Metropolitan Opera debut as Santuzza, she went on to appear a total of 261 times with the company between 1893 and 1904. She created the part of Anita, which was written for her, in Massenet's La Navarraise in London in 1894 and sang Sapho in an opera written by the same composer. She sang Ophélie in Ambroise Thomas's Hamlet in Paris in 1899, but the part was not suited to her and she dropped it. She appeared with success in many roles, among them, as the Countess in The Marriage of Figaro, the title role in Félicien David's Lalla-Rookh, as Pamina in The Magic Flute, and as Camille in Hérold's Zampa, but she is best known as Carmen .

MINNIE HAUK (Amalia Mignon Hauck) (November 16, 1851 – February 6, 1929), American Soprano. In 1862, Hauk began vocal studies with Achille Errani, who secured her a spot with the operatic company of Max Maretzek. At age fourteen she made her debut in Brooklyn as Amina in La sonnambula, and a month later, in November, 1866, her New York City debut as Prascovia in L'étoile du nord. In the American premiere of Gounod's Roméo et Juliette (1867) she sang Juliette. Hauk sang at Covent Garden, London, on 26 October 1868, and debuted in Paris in 1869. The soprano then appeared in Italian and German opera at the Grand Opera in Vienna and other venues throughout Europe. Hauk was the first American Carmen (1878) and Manon (1885). Her voice became a mezzo-soprano of great strength and depth. Hauk's enormous repertory included approximately one hundred roles, and she sang Carmen in four languages.

Laura Hilgermann as Carmen 'Carmen" Bizet LAURA HILGERMANN-RADO (Laura Oberlander ) (Vienna Währing, 13 10, 1865; – Budapest (?), 1943) Soprano (From 1887 was known as Laura Hilgermann) Her voice was discovered by an operetta singer and Karl Maria Wolf and Siegfried Rosenberg (whom she married) in Vienna formed. In 1885 she made her debut at the Deutsches Theater in Prague as Azucena in 'Troubadour'. Until 1889, it remained at this house, which she left in 1889 after a dispute with the director Angelo Neumann. Then they sang 1890-1900 at the National Opera Budapest. She was appointed in 1900 by Gustav Mahler at the Vienna Court Opera, whose member she remained until 1920 (with a break in the season 1902-03) was, and where it still has performed well after 1920. In Vienna became the artist whose repertoire included both alto and soprano parts, great popularity. In 1920 she was made an honorary member of the Vienna State Opera. In 1900 she sang in a memorable new production of 'Così fan tutte' by Gustav Mahler in Vienna Dorabella. Your very multifaceted repertoire included among others the Sieglinde in the 'Valkyrie', the Mignon, Carmen,Amneris in 'Aida', Cherubino as the Countess, in 'Marriage of Figaro', the Idamantes in 'Idomeneo' and the Orpheus of Gluck this also lots in the then modern operas of Janác | vek, Schreker, Bittner and Korngold. She sang after a subsequent marriage under the name Laura Hilger man-Radó. After completion of her career she was a sought vocal teacher in Budapest and 1920-36 there professor at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music; among their students of Maria Nemeth, Gitta Alpar, Enid Szantho and Mary Ilosvay. She died during the siege of Budapest by the Russian army in the basement of her destroyed house