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Lucy /Australopithecus africanus
Lucy is nearly a complete skeleton of a 3-million-old-member of Australopithecus africanus
(Reconstructed at the right with a male Australopithecus africanus) Page 265
(Reconstructed at the right with a male Australopithecus africanus) Page 265
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When in evolution did this brain growth begin? About five million years ago the evolutionary branch leading to modern human split off from the leading to the present day African apes (Leaky 1994; Wills 1993) After this, our early hominid ancestors include various species of australopithecines and then of Homo -- including Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Homo sapiens.
The australopithecus afarensis found in Ethiopia by Maurice Taieb and Donald Johnson and named after the Beatles’ song ‘Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds.’ Remains of A afarensis range from four million or less than two and half million years old. Lucy herself is thought to have lived a little over three million years ago, was about thre feet tall and rather ape-like in build with a brain of about 400-500 cc -- not much larger than a modern chimpanzee’s. from fossil footprints and computer simulations of walking based on fossil bones, it is now clear that AF afarensis must have walked upright, though probably could not run. So we know that bipedalism came long before hominid brains began to grow significantly in size. ~ Page 69
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